Pathology videos & books

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Correct Answer - A Acute promyelocytic leukemia [Ref. Harrison 16' 11 /e p 636] Disseminated intravascular coagulation is associated with promyelocytic leukemia Acute promyelocytic leukemia (AML-M3 ) constitutes 5-10% of all cases of AML The leukemic cells of these type of anemia are hypergranular. Granules of these leukemic cells (promyelocytes) contain thromboplastin like material resulting in widespread disseminated intravascular coagulation. Also know Majority of M3 cases demonstrate a reciprocal translocation involving chromosome 15 and 17, t (15 ; 17)

Correct Answer-D Answer-D. Bone marrow Dutcher bodies, which are attributed to immunoglobulin filled cytoplasm invaginating into the nucleus creating the appearance of an intranuclear inclusion. Dutcher bodies are described as intranuclear inclusions in patients with Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia The inclusions are positive on a periodic acid-Schiff reaction and were present in the cytoplasm as well as the nucleus. They identified the inclusions as glycoprotein and postulated that they might be chemically identical to the macroglobulin in the plasma.

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Correct Answer: a) Epstein-Barr virus --- 💡 Why others are incorrect: b) CMV – Can cause mononucleosis-like illness, but Monospot is negative and atypical lymphocytes are less prominent. c) Streptococcus pyogenes – Causes bacterial pharyngitis, no atypical lymphocytes, no positive Monospot. d) HIV – May cause acute retroviral syndrome, but lacks Monospot positivity and typical triad. e) Toxoplasma gondii – Can mimic mono, but Monospot negative, and rare in immunocompetent hosts.

A 19-year-old college student presents with fatigue and sore throat. His peripheral smear shows atypical lymphocytes. His Monospot test is positive. What is the likely causative organism? Comment upon this. Try without options. We have discussed it so many times.

A 19-year-old college student presents with fatigue and sore throat. His peripheral smear shows atypical lymphocytes. His Monospot test is positive. What is the likely causative organism? Comment upon this. Try without options. We have discussed it so many times.

Correct Answer - C Malakoplakia [Ref. Robbins 7th/e p 1027-1028] • Malakoplakia is a variant of cystitis, it is related to chronic bacterial infection mostly by E.coli or occasionally by proteus species. • It is characterized by unusual appearing macrophages and giant phagosomes. • It points to defect in phagocytic or degradative function of macrophage. • It is apeculiar pattern of vesical inflammatory reaction characterized microscopically by soft, yellow, slightly raised mucosal plaques 3-4 cm in diameter. • Histologically it is characterized by infiltration with large foamy macrophages with occasional multinucleate giant cells and interspersed lymphocytes. • The macrophages have an abundant granular cytoplasm and the granularity is PAS positive. • In addition to these histological changes, malakoplokia is also characterized by Michaelis Guttman bodies. - Michalies Guttman bodies are Laminated mineralized concretions resulting from deposition of calcium in enlarged lysosomes. ⁃ They are typically present both within the macrophages and between cells

Based on the above keywords hint:* Raised, shiny scar Extends beyond original wound Progressive growth Type III collagen Ans is keloid