Pearson Vue NCLEX and NP Review RN, PN, LVN Exams...👩‍⚕🧑‍⚕👨‍⚕

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🔹Questions about the following lectures: 1-Scope of Critical Care and Emergency Nursing Practice. 2-Ethical Issues I n Critical Care Nursing. CRITICAL CARE NURSING✨✌🏻

Hii😁 I took my NCLEX on Friday (this is my 5th attempt). The 4th time I got 120 questions and failed 💔 so this time I felt so discouraged when I left the testing center just very unsure. My exams stopped at 115 questions, I got about 4-5 case studies and I feel like I had a good amount of SATA … I felt good when I left And luckily for me I passed 🥳🥳🥳🥹 though I waited for long but the wait was worth it. Thank you Reverend Tyson 💞🙌 your help was very good and valuable.

🗝️ Gastrointestinal Bleed

Interpret this ECG

1. Alar ligaments – Paired ligaments that connect the sides of the dens (odontoid process of C2) to the occipital condyles, helping stabilize the head. 2. Atlanto-occipital joint – Joint between the atlas (C1) and occipital condyles, allowing nodding movements (“yes” motion). 3. C1–C2 facet joint – Articulation between the atlas (C1) and axis (C2) vertebrae, allowing rotation of the head (“no” motion). 4. C2–C3 uncovertebral joint – Small joints (Luschka’s joints) between the uncinate processes of C2 and the body of C3, important in cervical spine stability. 5. Occipital condyle – Rounded projections at the base of the skull that articulate with C1 (atlas). 6. C1 lateral mass – Thickened portion of the atlas that articulates with both the occipital condyle (above) and axis (C2, below). 7. Dens (odontoid process) – Peg-like projection from C2 (axis) that forms the pivot around which C1 rotates. 8. C2 lateral mass – Articulates with the lateral mass of C1 above and the superior facet of C3 below. 9. C4 uncinate process – Hook-shaped bony projection on the superior surface of the vertebral body, forming uncovertebral joints with the vertebra above. 👉 This image mainly highlights upper cervical spine anatomy (C1–C4), including joints, ligaments, and bony landmarks that are crucial for head movement and spinal stability.

Short Note on the Heart The human heart is a muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body. It has four chambers: the right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, and left ventricle. Right side of the heart receives deoxygenated blood from the body through the superior and inferior vena cava. This blood enters the right atrium, passes into the right ventricle, and is pumped to the lungs through the pulmonary arteries for oxygenation. Left side of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs through the pulmonary veins. This blood enters the left atrium, passes into the left ventricle, and is pumped out to the rest of the body through the aorta. The heart ensures continuous circulation of blood, supplying oxygen and nutrients while removing carbon dioxide and waste.

Effectiveness of fat suppression techniques in neck MRI 🤣 #meme #MRI #radiology #medical_imaging #medicine #doctor #radiologist #radiographer #radiologic_technologist #MRI_Technologist #MRITechnologist #MRI_Radiographer #MRIRadiographer

🧠 Brain MRI Sequences Made Simple: T1, T2 & FLAIR When we look at a brain MRI, we’re not just looking at one type of picture. MRI machines give us different “flavors” of images called sequences, and each one highlights tissues in its own way. The three most important ones we use every day are T1, T2, and FLAIR. 🧠 T1-weighted MRI 🔹Think of T1 as the “anatomy map.” It shows the brain’s structure really well. 🔹Fat looks bright, CSF (fluid) looks dark. 🔹White matter appears lighter than gray matter. 🔹It’s also the sequence we use after contrast injections — gadolinium lights up bright on T1, making it perfect for spotting tumors, infections, or breakdowns in the blood-brain barrier. 🧠 T2-weighted MRI 🔹T2 is all about spotting disease. Wherever there’s extra water, it shines. 🔹CSF and fluid look bright. 🔹Lesions with high water content (like edema, infarcts, or demyelination) also light up bright. That’s why most pathology “pops out” on T2. 🧠 FLAIR (Fluid-Attenuated Inversion Recovery) 🔹FLAIR is basically a T2 scan with the bright signal from CSF suppressed. That means fluid in ventricles or around the brain looks dark, but abnormal fluid (like edema or MS plaques) stays bright. This makes it much easier to see lesions right next to CSF spaces that might be hidden on a regular T2.

Bone Age Assessment with X-ray Why It’s Necessary: Bone age assessment isn’t just about knowing how old a child is—it’s about understanding how their skeleton is developing compared to their chronological age. The skeletal system matures in a predictable pattern, and by looking at ossification centers, growth plate activity, and bone morphology, radiologists can estimate a child’s biological maturity. This is critical because many conditions in pediatrics are linked to either delayed or accelerated skeletal maturation. Indications: A bone age X-ray is usually ordered when there’s a clinical suspicion of abnormal growth or development. Common scenarios include: 🔹Short stature – to distinguish familial short stature vs. constitutional growth delay vs. pathological causes. 🔹Tall stature – to rule out conditions like precocious puberty, hyperthyroidism, or endocrine disorders. 🔹Delayed or early puberty – bone age helps correlate physical development with hormonal changes. 🔹Endocrine disorders – such as hypothyroidism, growth hormone deficiency, or adrenal abnormalities. 🔹Congenital disorders or syndromes – e.g., Turner syndrome, Klinefelter syndrome. The Process: 🔹Patient Preparation: No special preparation is needed. The child simply places their left hand and wrist (standardized) on the X-ray plate. 🔹Imaging Protocol: Single X-ray of the left hand and wrist is taken. The left hand is chosen because international standards (like Greulich and Pyle, or Tanner-Whitehouse methods) are based on it. Sometimes, additional skeletal areas (e.g., elbow, knee) may be included in infants or special cases. Methodology: Two main approaches are used: 🔹 Greulich and Pyle (GP) Atlas Method The radiologist compares the X-ray to a set of reference images in the atlas. The closest match determines the bone age. It’s fast and widely used but has some observer variability. 🔹 Tanner-Whitehouse (TW) Method More detailed and systematic. Each bone is scored individually based on its stage of development. The total score converts to bone age. More accurate but also more time-consuming. Normal vs. Abnormal Variants: 🔹Normal Variant: Bone age is usually within ±2 years of chronological age. A healthy child with slightly delayed bone age but normal growth velocity may simply be a “late bloomer.” Similarly, advanced bone age in a tall, early-maturing child may still fall within physiological variation. 🔹Abnormal Findings: Delayed Bone Age: Seen in hypothyroidism, growth hormone deficiency. Advanced Bone Age: Seen in precocious puberty, obesity, and some syndromes. How It Works – The Science Behind It: Bone formation occurs through ossification centers, which appear and fuse at predictable ages. For example, in the wrist, the appearance of the capitate and hamate, or in the fingers, the phalangeal epiphyses, follow a well-established timeline. By comparing what’s present (or absent) in the X-ray with known standards, radiologists infer the skeletal maturity. Pubertal hormones (estrogen, testosterone, GH, thyroid hormone) directly influence how quickly or slowly these ossification centers appear and fuse.

Difference between On CT scan of the brain, epidural, subdural, and subarachnoid hemorrhages look different because of where the blood collects. Here’s the key difference: 1. Epidural Hemorrhage (EDH) 🔹Location: Between the skull and dura mater. 🔹Shape on CT: Biconvex / lens-shaped (because dura is tightly attached at sutures, blood cannot cross sutures). 🔹Crossing: Does not cross sutures. Can cross midline if large enough. 🔹Cause: Usually due to middle meningeal artery injury (trauma, fracture). 🔹Classic sign: "Talk and die" syndrome – brief recovery then rapid deterioration. 2. Subdural Hemorrhage (SDH) 🔹Location: Between dura and arachnoid mater. 🔹Shape on CT: Crescent-shaped (concavo-convex), spreading widely along the brain surface. 🔹Crossing: Can cross sutures (since it’s under dura), But cannot cross midline falx. 🔹Cause: Rupture of bridging veins (common in elderly, alcoholics, shaken baby). 🔹Appearance: Acute: Hyperdense (bright white). Chronic: Hypodense (dark), after weeks. 3. Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (SAH) 🔹Location: In subarachnoid space, between arachnoid and pia mater, mixing with CSF. 🔹Shape on CT: Not lens or crescent → appears as hyperdensity within sulci, cisterns, and fissures (like "star-shaped" blood in basal cisterns). 🔹Crossing: Can spread widely with CSF circulation. 🔹Cause: Usually rupture of berry aneurysm or trauma. 🔹Classic symptom: Sudden “worst headache of life.”

The paranasal sinuses of the face. These are air-filled spaces inside facial bones that connect with the nasal cavity. 📍 The Four Main Sinuses in the Face & Skull Frontal Sinuses Location: In the forehead, just above the eyes. Function: Lightens the forehead bone, adds resonance to the voice. Maxillary Sinuses Location: In the cheekbones, on either side of the nose (largest sinuses). Function: Lightens cheekbones, drains mucus into the nasal cavity. Ethmoid Sinuses Location: Between the eyes, behind the nasal bridge. Function: Help humidify air; multiple small air cells instead of one large cavity. Sphenoid Sinuses Location: Deep in the skull, behind the nose and eyes. Function: Protect important structures nearby (optic nerve, pituitary gland). 🩺 Common Problems of Facial Sinuses Sinusitis (sinus infection): Inflammation → facial pain, nasal blockage, headache. Nasal polyps: Growths that can block sinuses. Allergic rhinitis: Allergies causing swelling and sinus congestion.

🫀 CT Cardiac Anatomy – Cross-sectional view of the heart showing atria, ventricles, aortic root, and great vessels. Perfect for understanding radiology & anatomy in one frame! #CardiacCT #HeartAnatomy #RadiologyStudy #CTScan #MedicalImaging #Radiologywithtyson #RadiologyStudents #RadiologyEducation #nawajishtechnologist #radiology #radiologylife